October 10, 1997
Various landing reports send searchers scurrying
By Jim Conley
A meteor
streaked southeastward and exploded in a huge red-orange fireball east
of El Paso at about 12:50 p.m. Thursday, treating residents to a rare
daytime spectacle, scientists and observers said.
The spectacular
blast sent out shockwaves that rattled windows, triggered car alarms
and sent people scrambling for their telephones to find out what
happened.
The space rock, which could have been billions of years
old and as big as a car, was estimated to be traveling at least 30,000
mph - the equivalent of flying from El Paso to San Antonio in one
minute - before it seemed to evaporate in a cloud of white smoke.
By late Thursday, no debris had been found, but people chased many reports throughout the day.
Police
helicopters searched scorched land on Cooper Cattle Co. property about
20 miles north of the Border Patrol checkpoint outside El Paso on
Highway 62-180, but the burn marks weren't thought to be caused by a meteor strike.
"We had two different fires out here a couple of days ago during the lightning storms," ranch foreman Dub Pruitt said.
People
from Anthony, Texas, to the Davis Mountains reported seeing or hearing
the entry of the interplanetary object into Earth's atmosphere. The
flash and boom caused many people to fear the explosion of an errant
test missile or the crash of an airliner.
But within an hour, an
off-duty public information specialist at McDonald Observatory in the
Davis Mountains cleared up the mystery by describing what he said could
only have been a rare daylight sighting of an exploding meteor perhaps 10 to 15 miles high.
"I
saw a very bright flash of light, bright orange-red, similar to a
distant sunset," said Robert Simpson, the McDonald spokesman, who was
outside his Davis Mountains home about 185 miles southeast of El Paso.
"It
covered about 10 percent of the horizon and was moving down at about a
70-degree angle. I looked at my watch and it was 1:47 (12:47 p.m. MDT).
It lasted about one second, but left a white smoke trail for 10 minutes.
"I knew it had to be a meteor, although space debris can look like that," said Simpson, who said daylight meteor sightings occur only about once a year on the planet.
But
no manmade space debris had entered the atmosphere since about sunup,
and that was south of the equator, said Maj. Steve Boylan, U.S. Air
Force North American Aerospace Defense Command spokesman in Colorado
Springs.
People living along a 200-mile stretch of southern New
Mexico and West Texas reported seeing a flash and hearing the blast,
which most likely was the result of the meteor exploding or producing sonic booms on its rapid descent through the atmosphere.
"It
was strange, but it felt like it was right in my back yard. I searched
my roof thinking someone threw a rock or was trying to break in," said
Martha Senteno, who lives in East El Paso near Montwood High School.
After hearing about the meteor, she returned home to search for debris.
"Who knows, there may be a piece of history here," she said.
Command post in NM
The
Doña Ana County Sheriff's Department, New Mexico State Police and Las
Cruces police set up a command post at about 2 p.m. west of the Organ
Mountains near Baylor Canyon after several witnesses reported smoke
rising from the base of the mountains.
"I saw a large flash like
an explosion in the sky," said Steven Marquez, 25, who was working in
his yard near the Organ Mountains outside Las Cruces. "Something fell
off of it and left a huge cloud of smoke over there by the mountains."
Marquez called 911 and reported the sighting, fearing that a small plane had crashed.
The
police command post was set up near at the head of Baylor Canyon Trail
east of Las Cruces as U.S. Army Reserve helicopters used infrared
sensors to look for pieces of debris from the object.
"What they are looking for is any debris that is still hot or anything that came off the object," Cano said.
No debris was found.
"Hearing
the explosion means it was very close, probably within 20 miles as a
general rule of thumb," said Bill Wren of McDonald Observatory. "This
one is a very exciting event ... very rare."
"I've seen thousands
of them at night but never one in the daytime before," Simpson said.
"I'd jump in my pickup right now and come look for it if I didn't have
to work (today)."
"A meteorite (a space rock found on Earth) can
be quite valuable," Wren said, "although that depends on the
composition and quality. Typically, meteorites wholesale for about $50
a pound."
The observatory's largest one on display is about the size of a small end table and weighs 1,500 pounds, Simpson said.
They're
usually composed of nickel and iron. But most of the objects that enter
the atmosphere are of low-density material that never reach Earth,
scientists say.
Estimates are that more than 19,000 meteorites
heavier than 3.5 ounces land annually, but most fall in deserts and
oceans. Fewer than 10 a year are ever known to science, according to
astronomy writer Patrick Moore's definitive "International Encyclopedia
of Astronomy."
A solar system clue
Donald Rathbun of El
Paso, a medical doctor who also teaches a meteorite course for UTEP's
continuing education program, said meteorites are important "because
these are samples of our solar system that were the only objects we had
to study how our planets originated - until we got the moon rocks.
"Chemical
analysis of the meteorites yields a lot of information," said Rathbun,
who owns a few meteorites himself,including a 6.5 pounder the size of a
cantaloupe he found around Santa Teresa.
"The theory is that they
formed at the same time as the solar system," said Neal Miller,
spokesman for New Mexico State University's astronomy department.
"They're billions of years old so they do lend clues as to how the
solar system was found."
UTEP physics and astronomy professor
Verne Smith said the object easily could have exploded without anything
of size hitting the ground.
"For something to do major damage, you would need one the size of an airplane," Smith said. "The one that created Meteor Crater in Arizona about 50,000 years ago would have been about the size of a 747.
"This thing sounded like it wasn't terribly large," Smith said of Thursday's meteor.
"I don't think people should be terribly preoccupied about these things
hitting the earth. There's nothing you can really to prevent it from
occurring."
John Peterson, director of the El Paso Independent
School District's Planetarium, said the event could have been
associated with the periodic Draconid meteor shower.
The
event, which occurs rarely but customarily on Oct. 9 or 10, can result
in only a few or as many as 5,000 meteors an hour. Peterson said
further study is needed to see if El Paso's meteor was part of that group.
Wren explained meteor
events as occurring when the particles of space matter, which can range
from speck size to as big as a house, heat up from friction as they
enter Earth's atmosphere, resulting in light being emitted.
"Earth
acts like a big broom that sweeps through all this matter as we orbit
the sun," Wren said. "Most of it just burns up. But the larger ones
survive the fiery trip."
Rock talk
Some astronomical distinctions:
· A meteoroid is a rock flying through space.
· A meteor is the streak of light a meteoroid makes as it burns out in Earth's upper atmosphere.
· A meteorite is a space rock found on Earth.
El Paso Times reporters Patrick C. McDonnell, Robert Holguin and David Bennett contributed to this story.
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